What is shoulder replacement surgery?
Shoulder replacement surgery is when a surgeon replaces the damaged part of the shoulder joint, which includes either the head of the humerus or the head of the humerus and glenoid or “socket”. The shoulder joint is replaced with an artificial prosthesis. The prosthesis for the humeral ball is a metal ball made of stainless steel that attaches to a titanium stem. The “socket” is made from a polyethylene cup.
Why is a shoulder replacement performed?
There are several shoulder conditions that may lead to a shoulder replacement.
Most common conditions for shoulder replacement include:
● Osteoarthritis
● Rotator cuff tear arthropathy
● Rheumatoid arthritis
● Avascular necrosis
● Severe fractures
Patients will generally try conservative treatments first, such as physical therapy, medications, and/or injections. If these treatments do not provide relief, and pain and decreased function persists, patients may be a candidate for surgery.
There are four types of shoulder replacements:
● Hemiarthroplasty
● Resurfacing hemiarthroplasty
● Total shoulder replacement
● Reverse total shoulder replacement
The surgeon will discuss with the patient what type of replacement would be best for them. Some potential complications with the surgery include infection, problems with the prosthesis, dislocation, nerve damage and fractures.
Following surgery, patients will be in a sling and have precautions. Patients will attend physical therapy and the physical therapist will follow a protocol to ensure protection of the surgical repair. Recovery from shoulder surgery may take 6 months to 1 year, depending on what functional and recreational activities the patient wants to return to.
-Dr. Leanne Komoda, PT, DPT
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